Stages of development of tourism in Uzbekistan

«STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN UZBEKISTAN»

Ochilov Iskandar Omongaldi o’g’li                                                         Bachelor’s degree of Gulistan State University

ANNOTATION: In this article, one of the important pillars of the tourism sector, tourism and domestic tourism, the role and importance of the role of the economy is mentioned and proposals for its development are presented. It is also mentioned about the transition to this path and the stages of development.

KEYWORDS: tourism, economy, sector, customer service, law, management, organization, department, stages, reconstruction

In Uzbekistan, among other sectors of the economy, the system of centralized administrative management of the tourism sector dates back to 1971-1991. During this time, the negative effects began to be felt. The increase in the number of unoccupied tourist and recreational facilities, and the existing ones have led to many complaints about the quality of customer service. According to a social survey, up to 50 percent of all services offered by hotels, camps, holiday homes and boarding houses have caused public outrage. Accommodation and meals, as well as recreation and medical care, were in short supply. The types and scope of tourist services were insignificant and of poor quality. Today, the development of Uzbekistan in the field of tourism can be divided into five stages.

The first stage. After the independence of Uzbekistan, after 1991, the national market of tourist services began to take shape. It was during this period that the republic declared its economic independence and independent access to foreign markets.

Law on foreign economic activity, adopted during this period, created a new opportunity for enterprises that sell tourist services. As a result, special attention was paid to such issues as the formation of a new management system in the network, the creation of additional types of businesses that contribute to the conduct of tourist business, the organization of banking, audit, advisory services that serve the industry, the establishment of regional divisions of the tourism network in the regions, the promotion of tourism products. After independence, three important processes took place simultaneously in the field of tourism:

- the collapse of enterprises and organizations of the old system (excursion bureaus, travel agencies), which did not meet the requirements of new services in terms of their structure and type of activity ;

-new organizations were created as tour operators and travel agents;  the development of tourism products in demand by Uzbek and foreign consumers through the restoration of old tourist enterprises.

In 1992, the National Company "Uzbektourism" was established in the country, and in the field of tourism, the company began to perform all organizational, managerial and coordination functions. In 1993, the Uzbektourism National Company became a full member of the World Tourism Organization (WTO). This process, in turn, has become an important factor in the development of international tourism. In 1994, at the initiative of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the Government of Uzbekistan, Samarkand adopted the Samarkand Declaration on the development of international tourism in the cities of the Great Silk Road. During this phase, the 1994 Program for the Privatization and Denationalization of Tourism Enterprises played an important role in the implementation of profound structural and institutional changes. During 1994-1995, 87.8% of the tourist facilities of the National Company "Uzbektourism" were privatized and denationalized. The changes have accelerated the development of tourism.

The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On measures to increase the participation of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the reconstruction of the Great Silk Road and the development of international tourism in the country" adopted in 1995 is of strategic importance for the restoration of tourism in the Great Silk Road. This, in turn, marked the beginning of the second phase of tourism reform in Uzbekistan. As a result, the cities and tourist addresses of the Great Silk Road were registered, the tombs of our scientists such as Imam Albuquerque, Bahouddin Naqshband, Abduhalik Gijduvani, Ahmad al-Fergani, Imam Al-Matrudiy, Mahmudi O'zam, Hakim at-Termiziy, Hazrati Imam, Sheikh Shamsiddin Kulal, Burkhoniddin Margilani, Tsar Bakr in Bukhara were repaired and converted into visiting complexes. Since 1998, the International Tourism Fair “tourism in the Great Silk Road” has been organized in Tashkent, the number of seats meeting international requirements in hotels has increased by 4.8 times. At this stage, the following important issues in the field of Tourism of Uzbekistan were implemented: