On the development of civil aviation in Russia

ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION IN RUSSIA

L.S. SOBOL

To increase the competitiveness of the national economy on the world market and to realize the country's

transport potential, it is necessary to develop a modern transport

infrastructure that will fully meet the existing needs and prospects

of Russia's development, as well as the creation of a single economic space of the country, which

will ensure accelerated commodity movement and reduce transport costs in the economy.

Since our country has vast territories, a special role in its trans-

civil aviation plays a role in the infrastructure, the main task of which is to provide citizens with accessible opportunities for movement within the country and beyond its borders.

It can be said with full confidence that the state of civil aviation is

of great importance not only for achieving economic growth of the state, but also for

ensuring its unity, since in regions such as the European North, a significant part of

Siberia, the north-eastern and insular part of the Far Eastern region, air transport

It is the only mode of transport that provides communication between these regions with the rest

of Russia. The main functional and production unit

of civil aviation is the airport. It can be a large transport hub (airports of large

cities) or an airport of local importance. But in any case, it is the most important part of the transport

system, and its technical condition and level of equipment are of great importance for

the development of the air transport services market. Formation of the Russian air transport market

services began in the early 1990s after the disintegration of the USSR and the adoption of a course for a market

economy. The difficult economic situation of the country, rapidly growing inflation, constantly

rising prices, and the rise in the cost of resources contributed to the growth of air fares. All this,

combined with low wages of the population, led to a sharp decline in traffic volumes

from 91 million passengers in 1991 to 41.5 million in 1993. In addition, during the same period

, privatization in civil aviation began, which led to the formation of about 400 small aircraft-

companies, some of them owned only units of aircraft. Many of the newly

formed airlines could not withstand the fierce competition. But it was in the difficult

nineties that the legislative framework was laid, the main structural

transformations of the aviation industry were carried out. There was a division of functions between the state and the

owner, a part of the property was allocated from the airport, which cannot