Парусный спорт

Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение среднего профессионального образования

«Санкт-Петербургский технический колледж управления и коммерции»

РЕФЕРАТ

По дисциплине: «Иностранный язык»

Тема: Парусный спорт.

Выполнил студент:

Группы КФ9МЭ-41к

Чепкасов К. А.

Проверил преподователь:

Майкова Н. Н.

Кириши – 2018

Sailing.

Sailing or Yachting - Olympic sport, which is to overcome the distance on the water with the help of sailing equipment, in particular yachts.

International sailing Federation (ISAF) — the leading world sports organization in the field of sailing competitions. It includes more than 100 national federations (all-Russian sailing Federation). 

History of sailing.

The history of shipping and shipbuilding has about six thousand years. Initially, navigation was a necessity, but at the end of the XV century, a special branch of sailing was formed with special vessels – yachts, which were intended for competitions or swimming for pleasure. The first mention of yachting marked in the Dutch-Latin dictionary in 1599, in this regard, the Netherlands is considered the ancestor of sailing.

The first document on Amateur sailing dated April 19, 1601 and was a petition for permission to fly from Flissingen to London.

October 1, 1661 in England were the first registered sailing race.

In 1720, the Royal Yacht club of York was founded in Ireland.

Until the middle of the XIX century yachts were used for traveling and walks, but in 1775 in England there was a Cumberland flotilla, which was specially designed for the preparation and conduct of regattas. In 1812, the Royal yacht squadron was founded in Cowes, which is considered the oldest English yacht club.

Since 1900, sailing has entered the program of the Olympic games. The modern Olympic program includes 11 disciplines in nine classes of vessels:

• "Finn" (men),
• "Laser" (mixed),
• "470" (shverbot-two, men and women),
• "Europe" (women), keel yachts
• "star" (men),
• "Ingling" (women),
• sailing Board-single — class "Mistral" (men and women),
• catamaran-two — class "Tornado" (men).

Types of sailing.

Sailing competitions are classified:

1. by area of navigation:

• round the world;
• ocean;
• sea;
• local.

1. The types or classes of yachts:

• the monotypes;
• Maxi-yacht,
• the yacht, the corresponding measurement formula;
• cruising keel yachts and dinghies;
• monohull;
• a catamarans;
• trimarans.

1. Professional qualification:

• professional;

• Amateur;
• mixed;
• crew;
• single;
• team;
• age;
• gender.

1. Mind race:

• a milestone;
• regular.

1. On length of his distance there is:

• short;
• long.

1. According to the rules of the competition:

• match;
• team;
• with a change;
• handicap;
• on arrival.

Rules of sailing.

 Usually, the regatta consists of 7 races, which take place in each class of ships. Athletes get points for the places they occupy in the race. For the 1st place boater gets 0 points, 2nd place 3 points, 3rd place – 5,7 points for 4th place 8 points 5th place – 10 points, 6th place – 11.7 points, and then plus 6 points for each subsequent place. Only the first six results are counted.

International sailing regattas (sailing competitions).