INFORMATIONAL PROCURING OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE CUSTOMS BODIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

INFORMATIONAL PROCURING OF THE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE CUSTOMS BODIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

НФОРМАЦИОННОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РИСКАМИ В ТАМОЖЕННЫХ ОРГАНАХ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО СОЮЗА И РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ

Белорусский национальный технический университет

The application of the risk management system in the field of customs is provided for by the basic international documents in the field of world trade and customs, on the provisions of which the customs services of the world are based.

The European Union is a significant subject in world trade and has many years of experience in applying such an effective mechanism as a risk management system.

Risk management means the likelihood that something will prevent the application of Community or national measures concerning the customs treatment of goods.

To minimise the occurrence of risks, customs can use risk management as a technique to more effectively set priorities and more efficiently allocate resources necessary for maintaining a proper balance between controls and facilitating legitimate trade.

The effectiveness of risk analysis is based on the completeness, consistency and quality of information and information received by customs authorities.

In the customs authorities of the European Union there are the following sources of information:

1. Local, regional and central customs authorities.

2. Other government bodies (Ministries of Trade, Transport, Agriculture, Police, etc.).

3. Partners of customs authorities (airlines, shipping companies, airports and seaports).

4. International databases (Internet), information of international organizations, carriers, insurance companies, etc.

5. Newspapers and specialized magazines.

6. Trade unions and business unions.

Automated information systems are used to implement the Risk Management System in the customs service of the European Union.

The RIF (Risk Information Form) system has been in operation since April 2005 and allows the customs official to quickly and reliably exchange information regarding customs control. Through this system, customs can spread risk-related information.

Risk analysis and management is a dynamic process in which there is a need to use relevant information. In the European Union, this process is engaged by the Information and Risk Analysis Centers.

Approaches to storing, receiving and processing information are constantly being upgraded, and therefore, there is a need to use modern software to build an effective risk management model.

In the European Union there are three areas in which information is being exchanged:

1. Customs - Customs.

The customs authorities of the Member States of the European Union are in close information interaction. Information on risks is disseminated to the customs authorities of all members of the European Union in order to minimize negative consequences.

Such information transfer occurs within the network of connections of the Customs Information System.

This system is implemented in the work of all major points, ports and airports. It includes a database that contains information about alleged or confirmed crimes and violations reported by any country in the European Union.

1. Customs-Business.

Business representatives are a valuable information resource. They can provide information about other various business structures. That is, if an entrepreneur has noticed poor-quality work done by his partner related to the transportation of goods, payment of duties and taxes, then he will contact the customs office with this information. And customs officers will carefully review these facts. Then the customs authorities make a decision on the activities of the relevant participant in foreign trade activities.

3) Customs - Other departments.

Customs authorities may have access to data from other government agencies (tax authorities, law enforcement agencies, etc.). These structures regularly transmit to customs authorities information about unscrupulous organizations and firms. In addition, during the analysis and risk assessment, it is possible to directly use the databases of state border guard, social insurance, state registries, and interdepartmental data warehouse services.

These directions provide the customs authorities of the European Union with complete, reliable and actual information about the activities of participants in foreign economic activities, goods and vehicles, as well as potential or identified offenses. Consequently, thanks to the existence of a powerful information flow, the Risk Management System functions effectively.