Basic concept and components of the Natural Resources potential

Project for

Abstract 

on the topic

“Basic concept and components of the Natural Resources potential”

The assignment done by:

2023 year

Content

Introduction………………………………………………………………….…..2

1. The concept of natural resource potential and its role in the world

economy. …………………………………………………………………….3

1. Natural resource potential of Kyrgyzstan ...............……............………...7

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………....10

List of used literature………………………………………................................11

Introduction

The current stage of development of the world economy is characterized by an ever-increasing scale of consumption of natural resources, a sharp complication of the process of interaction between nature and society, intensification and expansion of the sphere of manifestation of specific natural-anthropogenic processes arising as a result of technogenic impact on nature. In the context of the growing interconnection and interdependence of states, world social progress is increasingly dependent on the solution of global problems - universal problems affecting the interests and destinies of all countries and peoples that are important for the progress of human civilization as a whole.[1]

The problem of natural resources has two aspects: global and national. Naturally, when we talk about the 21st century - the century of global problems of informatics, ecology and mineral resources with their new technologies and the expansion of the range of applications of minerals - first of all, we mean the global aspect. One of the main global problems is raw materials.[2]

In most countries with developed market economies, natural resources (especially minerals) are consumed more than they have. The missing resources are imported mainly from developing countries. Because of this, huge flows of raw materials move to the three main centers of their processing: North America, Western Europe, East and Southeast Asia. This state of affairs gives rise to two problems: the dependence of developed countries on the supply of raw materials and the raw orientation of exports of many developing countries.

In this regard, the relevance of this study lies in solving the main global problems by studying the natural resource potential of Kyrgyzstan, analyzing the systems of their economic use that have developed in various socio-economic structures of the modern world community. The purpose of this study is to review and evaluate the natural resource potential of countries and regions.

The object of the study is the natural resource potential of the countries of the world.

The purpose of this work predetermined the solution of the following tasks:

1. Consider the theoretical aspect of the natural resource potential.
2. Assess the natural resources of Kyrgyzstan, some countries and regions of the world.
3. Analyze the location and identify the reserves of certain types of natural resources.

As research methods, the method of analysis and synthesis, description and systematization are used.

1. The concept of natural resource potential and its role in the global economy.

The natural resource potential (natural resources) of the world economy is diverse. It includes energy, land and soil, water, forest, biological (flora and fauna), mineral (minerals), climatic and recreational resources.

Natural resources - spatio-temporal category; their volume is different in different regions of the globe and at different stages of the socio-economic development of society. Bodies and phenomena of nature act as a certain resource in the event that a need arises for them. But the needs, in turn, appear and expand as the technical possibilities for the development of natural resources develop. For example, oil was known as a combustible substance as early as 600 BC. e., but as a fuel raw material on an industrial scale, it began to be developed only from the 60s of the XIX century. It was from that time that oil turned into a really accessible energy resource for use, the importance of which has steadily increased. However, until the second half of the XX century. oil deposited in the bottom sediments of the World Ocean shelf, was not considered as a resource, since the state of oil extraction technology made it impossible to extract it on the shelf. Only in the 1940s, for the first time in water areas (Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela, the Caspian Sea in the USSR), oil began to be developed on an industrial scale, and oil deposits in the shallow zones of the seas and oceans acquired a resource value.

Natural resources are a necessary (but not mandatory) condition for economic development. Achievements of scientific and technological progress lead to the fact that the impact of the natural resource factor on the economy of developed countries is noticeably weakening. In recent decades, countries that lack the necessary minerals (Japan, South Korea, Singapore) have developed rapidly. But ceteris paribus, the presence of rich and diverse natural resources gives countries - their owners additional advantages.

Most often, natural resources are identified with mineral resources (such minerals as coal, oil, natural gas, metal ores, non-metal raw materials - phosphates, potassium salts, asbestos, etc.). Often, due to the special importance of fuel, a combination of "mineral raw materials and fuel" is used.

In connection with the dual nature of the concept of "natural resources", reflecting their natural origin, on the one hand, and economic, economic significance, on the other.[1]

In the scientific literature there are various definitions of the natural resource potential, but all reflect the fact that, on the one hand, it is of natural origin, and on the other, of economic importance.

Therefore, there are various classifications of natural resources:

Origin:

-resources of natural components - each type of natural resources is associated with a certain landscape shell, therefore, climatic, water, mineral, land, soil, flora and fauna resources are allocated.

-resources of natural-territorial complexes - are divided into black-industrial, agricultural, recreational, etc.

On the basis of exhaustion:

-exhaustible - are divided into renewable (plants and wildlife) and non-renewable (minerals).