Контрольная работа по "Иностранному языку"

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №2 (Вариант 2)

I. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами.

1. I’m sorry, I _ Cannot  to__ join you on Wednesday.

Cannot  to

don’t can to

don’t can

2. He __ could not to__ pass the exam.

didn’t can

could not

could not to

3. I __ shall be able__ to go hiking with you.

shall be able

shall can

4. This man ___ may know___ more than he says.

mays know

may know

may knows

5. ___ may___ I say a few words?

 may

might

6. He forgot that the police ___ would may___ discover the truth.

 may might

would may

7. Tom has broken his leg. He ___ need not__ walk a lot. It is not good for him.

need not

cannot

may not

8. You ___ may___ lend me your umbrella. I love walking in the rain.

may

must

need

9. He ____ doesn’t must__ see me in this situation.

 doesn’t must

 must not

10. The company ____ can____ postpone the loading, because of some problems with transport.

must

has to

can

II. Раскройте скобки, обращая внимание на образование времен группы Continuous (Present, Past, Future).

1. I am tired. I (to go) to bed now. Good night!

I am tired. I went to bed now. Good night!

1. Please don’t make so much noise. I (to work).

Please don’t make so much noise. I am working.

1. A funny thing (to happen) to me when I sat in a traffic jam.

A funny thing happened to me when I sat in a traffic jam.

1. This time last year I (to live) in India.

This time last year I lived in India.

1. In a few year’s time more people (to use) plastic money.

In a few year’s time more people are using plastic money.

1. The agreement (to expire) at 30th of December.

The agreement  expires at 30th of December.

III. Образуйте форму прошедшего времени в следующих глаголах.

To decide, to notice, to get, to read, to run, to sign, to agree, to buy, to bring, to see, to finish, to drink, to show.

Decide, noticed, got, red, ran, sign, agreed, bought, brought, saw, finished, drank, showed.

IV. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму.

He is attending the lecture of economics now.

Is he attending the lecture of economics now?

Planets are going round the sun.

Are planets going round the sun?

We were working on a new project all the day yesterday.

Sam Brown was working with clients, when the boss came to the office.

We shall be still working here in ten year’s time.

At ten o’clock tomorrow he will be working at his report.

V. Заполните пропуски словами much/many, few/little.

1. ___Many__ of her advice was useful.

2. She wrote us __much__ letters from London.

3. Would you like ___few__ salad? – Yes, thank you. My doctor says it’s good for my health.

4. Our secretary knows German __many___ and she can help you with the translation of this letter.

5. The hall was almost empty: there was very __few___ people in it.

VI. Прочитайте текст и переведите его письменно.

Theory of Supply

The theory of supply is the theory of how much output firms choose to produce. The principal assumption of the supply theory is that the producer will maintain the level of output at which he maximizes his profit.

Profit can be defined in terms of revenue and cost. Revenue is what the firm earns by selling goods or services in a given period such as a year. Costs are the expenses which are necessary for producing and selling goods or services during the period. Profit is the revenue from selling the output minus the costs of inputs used.

Cost should include opportunity costs of all resources used in production. Opportunity cost of commodity is the amount obtained by an input in its best alternative use (best use elsewhere). In particular, costs include the owner’s time and effort in running a business. Costs also include the opportunity cost of the financial capital used in the firm.

Aiming to get higher profits, firms obtain each output level as cheaply as possible. Firms choose the optimal output level to receive the highest profits.

Making economic forecasts, it is necessary to know the effect of a price change on the whole output rather than the supply of individual firms.

Market supply is defined in terms of the alternative quantities of a commodity all firms in a particular market offer as price varies and as all other factors are assumed constant.

Теория поставки - теория того, сколько произведенные фирмы принимают решение произвести. Основное предположение о теории поставки - то, что производитель поддержит уровень продукции, в которой он максимизирует свою прибыль.

Прибыль может быть определена с точки зрения дохода и затрат. Доход - то, что фирма зарабатывает, продавая товары или услуги в установленный срок, такие как год. Затраты - расходы, которые необходимы для производства и продажи товаров или услуг во время периода. Прибыль - доход от продажи продукции минус затраты используемых входов.

Затраты должны включать альтернативные издержки всех ресурсов, используемых в производстве. Альтернативные издержки товара - количество, которое вход может получить в его лучшем альтернативном использовании (лучше всего использование в другом месте). В частности затраты включают время владельца и усилие в управлении бизнесом. Затраты также включают альтернативные издержки финансового капитала, используемого в фирме.