Theory and practice of modeling types of academic writing

ABSTRACT

On dissertation work of Moldabayeva Karlygash Ergazievna “Theory and practice of modeling types of academic writing”submitted for the degree

of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) the specialty “8D02301-Philology”

General description of the work: Academic writing is associated with the three main missions of the modern university: research, education and socio- political, the goal of which is the formation of an independently thinking scientist with a civic position.

Teaching academic writing should take place in a discussion-based, collaborative environment, so academic writing is understood as a social practice, and its scientific and theoretical basis is social constructivism, academic discourse and literacy research.

Today, scientific communication has become global, so a researcher must present his work to the attention of members of the global scientific community, develop his scientific direction, get acquainted with works in scientific databases and publish the results of his research in international scientific publications. To achieve this, it is necessary to master international publishing conventions, so developing academic writing skills is a means to achieve this goal.

Academic writing is the most difficult and slowly developing complex, therefore each section of rhetoric and composition involves the use of scientific and pedagogical approaches that allow the effective development of relevant competencies. When teaching the subject “Academic Writing”, three sets of active competencies are developed at once: firstly, ways of presenting and justifying your ideas and hypotheses, creating text, as well as metalinguistic competencies of searching and selecting the necessary information; secondly, communicative methods of argumentation and discussion of the text with colleagues; thirdly, the presentation of the results in the form of a reliable, logically structured text that develops on a discursive basis.

For undergraduate students, the disciplines “History of the Kazakh literary language”, Spelling and punctuation basics”, “Fundamentals of rhetoric”, “Vitality of the modern Kazakh literary language», «Language and culture of the word”, “Speech art” can become a prerequisite for the subject “Academic writing”. Despite the fact that the main goal of these disciplines is aimed at developing professional writing skills in students, they do not provide a complete picture of the competencies that students develop as a result of mastering the discipline “Academic Writing”. Genre models of academic writing help students compose literate academic texts.

Relevance of the research work: One of the main goals of academic writing is to teach the student how to think and write a research paper. Writing a scientific article, an argumentative essay, or presenting a project is a complex process that includes elements of thinking associated with logical phenomena that go beyond

the boundaries of language. All this can be implemented by a person with critical thinking skills. Students are future specialists, so it is useful for future professionals to master academic writing skills during their university studies or take steps to master it.

Currently, the world community attaches special importance to academic discourse. In fact, materials on the Internet have been essential to complement, improve, and advance human knowledge. If the applicant copies ready-made materials and uses them for his own purposes, his qualifications will not be improve and his knowledge will not be complete. To fill this gap, academic writing skills need to be taught. That is, one need to develop the skills to independently summarize the acquired knowledge, systematize the thoughts, identify, present and indicate the main idea of the text, provide evidence and become familiar with the theory and practice of writing. Therefore, we believe that academic writing is especially useful and important for students and applicats today.

The scientific knowledge formation and its transfer to others are carried out on the basis of oral and written speech activities: the scientific research results are published in the scientific community, students receive theoretical and practical knowledge, developing own skills in writing scientific papers. In the context of the transition to the information society, the volume of scientific publications has sharply increased, where ready-made materials were downloaded from the Internet and published in the form of articles. Students downloaded academic assignments from the Internet and submitted finished work without observing academic ethics. Maintaining academic integrity requires digital proficiency.

In the 21st century, changes are taking place in the forms and methods of communication in science, as well as in the nature and content of the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel. The sharp increase in the publication of articles by students and researchers in international publications has shown the need to develop academic writing skills.

Since the middle of the twentieth century in the world and from the 2020- 2021 academic year in our country, the introduction of the subject "Academic Writing" as a mandatory component in the doctoral studies of all higher educational institutions not only proves the relevance of this problem, but also defines this problem as the main direction of the development of science. Improving this area, mastering it through modeling, and the need to take into account methodological capabilities shows the relevance of the research work.

Object of the research: Theory and practice of modeling types of academic writing.

Subject of the research: Academic writing.

The purpose of the research: Modeling based on the classification of types of academic writing and the definition of its scientific, theoretical and methodological foundations.

In order to achieve the goal of the research work, it is intended to solve the

following tasks:

• differentiation of the formation, development, study of academic writing in world and local science;
• review of the writing and publishing requirements of academic writing in scientific communication;
• culture and ethics of academic writing, identifying the causes of plagiarism problems;
• analysis and classification of academic text genres;
• demonstration the ways of modelling academic writing genres;
• essay genre’s practical differentiation and modeling;
• investigation, differentiation, modeling based on the results of experiment on mastering academic writing skills.

Research methods:

• an empirical method was used to study the characteristics and theory of academic discourse;
• in identifying the formation and development of academic writing, methods of analysis, synthesis, inductive and deductive methods were used;
• in assessing written work at the university, quantitative and qualitative methods of semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used;
• analysis of the collected information was carried out using Excel and AtlasTI programs;
• the tabular analysis method was used to check and preliminary evaluate data, sort important issues and identify important information for further detailed study;
• in the process of differentiating students' essay writing skills, the method of thematic analysis was used.

Scientific novelty and results of the research work:

• the formation, development, and study of academic writing in world and domestic science are considered;
• an analysis of the culture and ethics of academic writing was carried out, the causes of plagiarism problems were identified;
• genres of academic text are grouped and analyzed;
• proposed models for classifying types and genera of academic writing;
• the essay genre was differentiated and modeled from a practical point of view;
• the practical level of mastering academic writing skills was studied and differentiated, and a model was developed based on the results.

The theoretical and methodological basis of the dissertation consists of research works of domestic and foreign scientists concerning the problem of academic writing. In particular, the works of domestic researchers A. Baitursynov,