Лексикологический анализ отрывка из романа "Убийство в восточном экспрессе" Агаты Кристи

МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования

«САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
АЭРОКОСМИЧЕСКОГО ПРИБОРОСТРОЕНИЯ»

КАФЕДРА ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ

РАБОТА ЗАЩИЩЕНА С ОЦЕНКОЙ

РУКОВОДИТЕЛЬ

РАБОТУ ВЫПОЛНИЛ

Санкт-Петербург 2021

PART I

THE FACTS

1 AN IMPORTANT PASSENGER ON THE TAURUS EXPRESS

It was five o’clock on a winter’s morning5 in Syria. Alongside the platform at Aleppo stood1 the train grandly designated in railway guides as the Taurus8 Express. It consisted5 of a kitchen4 and dining – car7, a sleeping – car7 and two local coaches.

By the step leading up into the sleeping – car stood a young5 French8 lieutenant, resplendent in uniform conversing, with a small5 man muffled up5 to the ears11 of whom nothing was visible but a pink5-tipped nose and the two points of an upward-curled moustache.

It was freezingly cold5, and this job4 of seeing off a distinguished stranger7 was not one to be envied, but Lieutenant Dubosc performed his part manfully. Graceful phrases fell from his lip10 in polished French. Not that he knew6 what it was all about. There had been rumours of course, as there always were in such cases. The General’s – his’General’s – temper11 had grown worse and worse. And then there had come5 this Belgian stranger-all the way1 from England, it seemed. There had been a week9 – a week of curious tensity. And then certain things had happened. A very distinguished officer3 had committed suicide, another had suddenly resigned, anxious faces had suddenly lost6 their anxiety, certain military5 precautions were relaxed. And the General, Lieutenant Dubosc’s own particular General, had suddenly7 looked2 ten years younger.

Сноски:

1Lexical and grammatical meanings

2Polysemy

3Etymology

4Borrowings

5Synonyms and antonyms

6Hyponymy

7Word-building

8Motivation of words

9Derived words

10Metaphor

11Idiom

Language and Style

The main direction in the work of Agatha Christie is the detective genre.

The main feature of the author is the pure British version of the language, and often Christie uses French expressions to show the reading and intelligence of the main characters.

Considering the variety of English language, the novel does not seem to contain Americanisms and slang.

Lexical and grammatical meaning

1. Lexical meaning:

way

noun

1. the manner or style in which someone does something or in which something happens. The route you take to get from one place to another

• I must buy a paper on the way home.
• Can you find your way back to my house?

1. a method that you use to do or achieve something

• There are several different ways we can tackle this problem.

1. The manner or style in which someone does something or in which something happens

• Look at the way he’s dressed!

1. a) a road, path, direction etc. that you take in order to get to a particular place

• Which is the quickest way to the sea from here?

b) a particular direction from where you are now

- Which way is north?

1. used to say that there is a fact or a feature of something that makes a statement or description true

- In one way you’re right, I suppose.

1. a distance or a length of time, especially a long one

- I was still a long way from home.

1. if someone or something is in the way, they are blocking the space in front of you, and you cannot move forward

- There was a big truck in the way.

The denotational meaning of the word is “a road, path, direction etc. that you take in order to get to a particular place”.

Grammatical meaning: countable noun, a simple word.

1. Lexical meaning:

to stand (in the text “stood”)

1. to be in a vertical position on your feet

• We’d been standing for hours.

1. to rise to a vertical position on your feet from sitting or lying down

• I get dizzy if I stand up too quickly.

1. to be able to accept or deal with a difficult situation

• She couldn’t’ stand the pressures of the job.

1. if an offer still stands, it still exists

• You’re welcome to visit any time – my invitation still stands.

1. to compete in an election for an official position

• to stand for office

Grammatical meaning: verb, a simple word, in Past Indefinite tense (stood)

Polysemy