Контрольная работа по "Английскому языку"

1. Read and translate the text in written form. Answer the questions after the text.

In a professional contribution-type Social Security model in which employment determines being included in the Social Security system, and paying contributions allows access to certain benefits, and if it is taken as a module to set Social Security quantities, the part-time nature of the work may have an impact of these workers’ social protection. Social protection represents a cost for employers, who pay most of the payments made to the Social Security System. Hence the payments in these contracts can be made as an incentive or disincentive of its use, and it is even possible that the norm can reduce these workers’ social protection scope by excluding them from the right to some benefits that full-time workers can benefit from, which happened in the past despite it infringing the constitutional equality principle. When the system of post-constitutional labour relations started (WS-1980), and with part-time work at very low levels, the lawmaker arranged the contributions in these contracts to be made according to the hours or days actually worked. Here the intention was to encourage their subscription as the previous regulation established the minimum amount of statutory minimum wage in force at the time as a minimum contribution payment limit. This limit operated independently of the number of worked hours, which clearly led to its use becoming a disincentive. Some years later in 1993, and once again with the same purpose in mind, the lawmaker paid attention to cut the social cost associated with contracting by reducing the level of protective intensity, and subsequent contribution payments, of those workers who worked fewer than 12 hours/weeks or 48 hours/month. This restriction was eliminated in 1998, which placed the social protection of part time and full-time workers on a par as far as benefits were concerned, but not for other aspects, like calculating the grace period and regulatory bases of benefits.

Перевод

В модели социального обеспечения на основе системы взносов, в которой занятость определяет включение в систему социального обеспечения, а уплата взносов дает доступ к определенным льготам, и если она принимается в качестве нормы для установления размеров социального обеспечения, то неполный рабочий день может повлиять на социальную защиту этих работников. Социальная защита представляет собой расходы для работодателей, которые оплачивают большую часть отчислений в систему социального обеспечения. Соответственно, выплаты