Translation of international and pseudo-international words, specific ways of their usage

КУРСТЫҚ ЖҰМЫС КУРСОВАЯ РАБОТА

Қазақстан Республикасының Оқу-ағарту министірлігі Министерство просвещения Республики Казахстан «Тұран» университетінің колледжі

Пəн бойынша/ Дисциплина: Теория и практика перевода

Тақырыбы / Тема: Translation of international and pseudo-international words, specific ways of their usage

Орындаған топ оқушысы: Выполнила обучающийся группы:

Тексерген / Проверила: Преподаватель

Алматы 2023

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 3 CHAPTER I. THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL WORDS 4 1.1. Internationalisms 4 1.2. The Origin of International Words 6 1.3. The usage of International Words 8 1.4. Translation of International Words 9 CHAPTER II. PSEUDO-INTERNATIONAL WORDS 12 2.1. Translator's False Friends 12 2.2. Classification of Pseudo-International Words 13 2.3. Translation of Pseudo-International Words 15 CHAPTER III. PRACTICAL STUDY OF THE TRANSLATION OF INTERNATIONALISMS AND PSEUDO-INTERNATIONALISMS 19 3.1. Practical translation of international words 19 3.2. Practical translation of the "Translator's False Friends" 20 CONCLUSION 23 BIBLIOGRAPHY 24

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INTRODUCTION

The topic of internationalisms, which takes place in the science of language, has never lost its relevance, and especially nowadays, taking into account the increasing role of international words in various fields of linguistic activity related to the processes of contact and unification of languages.

When dealing with international words, the translator faces various problems resulting from the divergence of languages in their grammatical, syntax, and lexical structures. One of these problems is the category of pseudo-international words, so- called "translator's false friends", which can confuse even an experienced professional, and completely distort the meaning of the sentence.

In addition to pseudo-internationalisms, difficulties can also arise when choosing between preserving an international form and choosing a non-single-root equivalent of a native or foreign language.

The relevance of this topic lies in the fact that the translator is faced with the problem of false identification of individual elements of the systems of foreign and native languages in translation. This is proceeding due to the similarity in spelling or pronunciation of these elements.

The purpose of this coursework is to study matters regarding to the usage and translation of international and pseudo-international words, some common mistakes that await a translator when working with this kind of vocabulary, the reasons for their occurrence and ways to avoid them.

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CHAPTER I. THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF INTERNATIONAL WORDS 1.1. Internationalisms

The expression "international words", or, as it is also called "internationalism", has many definitions given by different lexicologists. It is difficult, even nowadays, to formulate a clear opinion on what words should be attributed to international. Some scientists believe that all internationalism in different languages should be the same, others believe that mandatory sign of internationalism is only an external similarity and community of origin.

The principal definition of the term "internationalism" was given by I.V. Arnold. She considered that internationalism are the words of identical origin that occur in several languages as a result of simultaneous or successive borrowings from one ultimate source. In her statement, she also focused on the fact that their pronunciation and orthography are similar and easy, so that the speakers and learners of the language can quickly understand and distinguish between certain languages. The author also mentioned that International words should not be mixed with words of the common Indo-European stock that also comprise a sort of common fund of the European languages.

She also gives some examples of the international words like: "concert, duet, opera" which are connected to music. In addition, she mentioned that there are group of international words connected to certain fields of science as: physics, mathematics, chemistry, biology. [1, p. 260]

Another one definition of the international words was given by English linguist, philosopher and writer Charles Kay Ogden. He states "international words are similar words in Western languages, are names of diplomacy or institutions, or are international standards, with a presumption that they are understood and need not to be specially taught". Ogden also gives a list of international words, composed in alphabetical order. [2, p.12]

However, V. Kuznetsova has different opinion, about the international lexis. She asserts that the term "international" is applied to the words that are listed in

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dictionaries of several languages, for example chemical elements, and to those that are found in all languages of the world, like sputnik.

She emphasizes that the words termed "international" are not exactly the same in every language; though they embody the same concept in a similar sound-complex. It contravene to I. V. Arnold telling that the international words are spelt and pronounced differently in every language. [3]

According to modern explanatory dictionaries: Internationalisms are words that coincide in their external form (with regular correspondences of sounds and graphic units), with a fully or partially coinciding meaning, expressing concepts of international significance and coexisting in different languages, including unrelated and not closely related.

The vocabulary of most languages of the world contains a significant number of words common for two or more languages.

Common words in two compared languages can be almost identical in sound form or be similar graphically, however, differ in place of impact in word and on sound of individual vowels or consonant sounds.

Comparing a number of English words with Russian equivalents, it's easy to notice that they differ from each other at