Symptoms of diseases caused by Campylobacter jejuni: Epidemiology and Pathogenesis
Автор: Aik12 • Май 31, 2024 • Реферат • 3,153 Слов (13 Страниц) • 61 Просмотры
ALMATY TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
FACULTY «FOOD TECHNOLOGIES»
DEPARTMENT «BIOTECHNOLOGY»
REPORT
Theme: «Symptoms of diseases caused by Campylobacter jejuni: Epidemiology and Pathogenesis
Checked : Alibayeva Bakhit Nasikhatovna
Student: Mamaeva Aiken BT-22-13
Almaty,2024
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 3
ESSENTIAL PART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4
Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pathogenesis of diseases caused by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Diagnosis and treatment. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Prevention and control measures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
REFERENCES . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...11
INTRODUCTION
Campylobacter jejuni is a bacterium that is part of the pest management of humans. She is one of the most widely distributed bacterial infections in the entire world. Campylobacter jejuni is found in small animals, especially kittens, and can be transferred through a closed pit or water. This bacterium has a high adaptability to changing conditions of the surrounding environment and a special spectrum of infections, including acute infections and acute infections.Of course, here is a more detailed description of the significance of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of Campylobacter jejuni:
The epidemiology and pathogenesis of Campylobacter jejuni play a key role in understanding the spread and development of infections caused by this microorganism.
1. Epidemiology:
- Studying the spread of bacteria helps to identify the main sources of infection, transmission routes and risk factors.
- Determining the characteristics of morbidity by population and geographical areas helps to develop effective control and prevention measures.
- The analysis of epidemiological data allows us to identify trends and changes in the spread of bacteria, which is important for updating infection control strategies.
2. Pathogenesis:
- Understanding the mechanisms of Campylobacter jejuni infection in the body helps to identify the key stages of the disease development.
- Studying the effects of bacteria on cells and tissues of the body helps to identify the main pathological processes occurring during infection.
- The pathogenesis of Campylobacter jejuni may be associated with the formation of complications and the development of chronic conditions, which emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Thus, the study of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of Campylobacter jejuni not only helps to understand the mechanisms of the spread and development of infection, but also contributes to the development of effective strategies for the control and prevention of this disease.
Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacter species are Gram-negative spiral, rod-shaped, or curved bacteria with a single polar flagellum, bipolar flagella, or no flagellum, depending on the species . Campylobacter species are non-spore-forming, are approximately 0.2 to 0.8 by 0.5 to 5 μm, and are chemoorganotrophs which obtain their energy sources from amino acids or tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates . Most Campylobacter species grow under microaerobic conditions and have a respiratory type of metabolism; however, several species (Campylobacter concisus, Campylobacter curvus, Campylobacter rectus, Campylobacter mucosalis, Campylobacter showae, Campylobacter gracilis, and, to a certain extent, Campylobacter hyointestinalis) require hydrogen or formate as an electron donor for microaerobic growth. In addition, certain species prefer anaerobic conditions for growth. Environmental reservoirs, routes of transmission, and clinical manifestations associated with Campylobacter species. Campylobacter species can be transmitted to humans through consumption of undercooked or contaminated food or via contact with animals. Tap, bore, and pond waters are also sources of Campylobacter species. Person-to-person transmission (fecal-oral or via fomites) can occur. Ingestion of a sufficient dose of organisms via the oral-gastric route may lead to one or more gastrointestinal and/or extragastrointestinal manifestations; the outcome is dependent on the species or strains of Campylobacter involved in the infection. Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel diseases; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome. Question marks indicate conditions for which a role for Campylobacter is implicated but not certain.
1. Distribution: Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common bacterial causes of gastrointestinal infections worldwide. It is usually transmitted through contaminated food, especially poultry, unpeeled vegetables and unprocessed animal products.
2. Morbidity: Infections caused by Campylobacter jejuni often manifest as gastroenteritis, including diarrhea, vomiting, animal pain and fever. Most cases are self-limiting, but some patients may experience serious complications such as Guillain-Barre syndrome.
3. Risk factors: Risk factors for Campylobacter jejuni infection include consumption of undercooked or undercooked poultry, poor food hygiene, and contact with infected animals.
4. Epidemiological trends: The incidence of Campylobacter jejuni may vary depending on the season, location and other factors. Some countries are monitoring the spread of the bacterium and are taking measures to control infection. Overall food safety control, combating food contamination and maintaining good hygiene help reduce the risk of infection with Campylobacter jejuni and prevent the spread of infection.
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